Volume-10, Issue-5

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Volume-10, Issue-5

September-October, 2024

Research Paper

1. A Comparative Evaluation of Remaining Dentin Thickness Post Instrumentation of Teeth with Three Different Rotary Systems using CBCT – An Invitro Study

Aim: To evaluate and compare the remaining dentin thickness post-instrumentation of teeth with three rotary systems using CBCT. Materials and methods: In this study, a total of 36 extracted human mandibular premolars were taken. All teeth were decoronated till the cementoenamel junction. Then they were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the system used in root canal preparations namely Group I: TruNatomy file system, Group II: ProTaperNext file system, and Group III: Hyflex EDM file system. Conventional endodontic access was prepared in each tooth, and the working length was determined using a 15-k file. Pre-operative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of the teeth was taken. Cleaning and shaping of the canal were done according to the file system. Post instrumentation CBCT scan of teeth was taken. The pre-and post-instrumentation scanned images of the teeth were assessed, the difference in the mesiodistal and buccolingual area was calculated and the statistical difference was analyzed. Results: The TruNatomy files showed the least dentin removal in all regions compared to the other two files. Conclusion: All three groups under study showed statistically significant differences in dentin thickness post-instrumentation. However, The TruNatomy File System showed better conservation of tooth structure compared to ProTaperNext And Hyflex EDM file system.

Published by: Dr. Pradnya V. Bansode, Dr. Madhuri B. Wavdhane, Dr. Seema D. Pathak, Dr. Aishwarya Kiran JadhavResearch Area: Endodontics

Organisation: Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad (Chh. Sambhajinagar), Maharashtra.Keywords: Protaper Next File System, Trunatomy File System, Hyflex EDM File System, Remaining Dentin Thickness, CBCT.

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Review Paper

2. Antimicrobial Hydrogels: A Review

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks created by crosslinking hydrophilic polymer chains. These networks, made from either natural or synthetic polymers, can absorb a significant amount of water, giving the material a soft consistency similar to living tissues. The rise in microbial infections, particularly those impacting wound healing and causing biomedical implant failures, has driven the innovation of new materials with antimicrobial properties. These specialized hydrogels incorporate antimicrobial agents or possess inherent antimicrobial properties, offering promising solutions for medical applications such as wound healing, infection prevention, and tissue engineering. Their biocompatibility makes hydrogels an ideal foundation for creating materials with targeted antimicrobial effects. Antimicrobial hydrogels can be achieved by incorporating or covalently attaching known antimicrobial agents, or by designing the hydrogel to have inherent anti-microbial capabilities. This review presents an overview of these innovative antimicrobial hydrogels, highlighting their applications, effectiveness, and limitations.

Published by: Dr. Pradnya V. Bansode, Dr. M. B. Wavdhane, Dr. Seema D. Pathak, Dr. Vishal JawadwadResearch Area: Dental

Organisation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GDC and Hospital, Aurangabad/MUHS, IndiaKeywords: Hydrogels; Demineralized Dentin Matrix; Drug Delivery Systems; Regenerative Endodontics.

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Review Paper

3. Post-Operative Sensitivity Following Composite Resin Restoration : A Guide for Prevention

One of the main causes of dental visits is pain, and clinical findings show that patients complain of dentinal sensitivity in a variety of settings and to varying degrees of severity. Even in cases where there is no obvious deterioration in the restoration, this is a very common issue following resin composite dental restorations. This bibliographic research aimed to determine the reasons behind post-operative sensitivity in resin composite restorations and provide preventative measures so that practitioners might utilise this knowledge to lessen the incidence of this annoyance in their day-to-day work. Analysis was done on the entire texts of pertinent articles. Post-operative sensitivity in direct resin composite restorations can have a number of causes, including errors in diagnosis, treatment indications, cavity preparation, material insertion, hard dental tissue hybridisation, finishing, and polishing the restoration. In order to prevent or reduce the likelihood of post-operative sensitivity, it is essential at every stage of the restorative process that an accurate diagnosis should be made and appropriate method should be employed.

Published by: Dr. Pradnya V. Bansode, Dr. Seema D Pathak, Dr. M B Wavdhane, Dr. Shriya R. OstwalResearch Area: Dental

Organisation: GDCH, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, IndiaKeywords: Composite, Sensitivity, Post-Operative, Immediate Dentin Sealing, Decoupling

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Review Paper

4. Should Rainwater Harvesting be Made Mandatory in India

According to the World Bank, India is among the most water stressed countries in the world. India's water crisis is a complex issue that stems from a combination of multiple factors mainly rapid and unplanned urbanization and industrialization, unsustainable agricultural practices, climate change, water mismanagement, poor urban and rural planning rising sea levels and increasing pollution. The looming water crisis cannot be left ignored as it can impact the health of the population and the nation’s economic adversely. Among proposed solutions, rainwater harvesting emerges as a cost-effective solution that can be undertaken at the grass root level by the citizens themselves too. This paper analyses its advantages and challenges in an Indian context. According to the World Bank, India is among the most water stressed countries in the world. India's water crisis is a complex issue that stems from a combination of multiple factors mainly rapid and unplanned urbanization and industrialization, unsustainable agricultural practices, climate change, water mismanagement, poor urban and rural planning rising sea levels and increasing pollution. The looming water crisis cannot be left ignored as it can impact the health of the population and the nation’s economic adversely. Among proposed solutions, rainwater harvesting emerges as a cost-effective solution that can be undertaken at the grass root level by the citizens themselves too. This paper analyses its advantages and challenges in an Indian context.

Published by: Madhav AgarwalResearch Area: Environmental Science

Organisation: Step By Step School, NoidaKeywords: Water Crisis, Climate Change, Urbanisation, Agriculture, Pollution, Urban Planning, Mismanagement, Rainwater Harvesting

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Research Paper

5. Maldives’ Foreign Policy and its Effect on the Tourism Industry

The Maldives, a republic of 185 islands home to 550,000 people, has made the most of its geographic location to become a well-liked tourism destination during the past 50 years. Recent events demonstrate the Maldives' dramatic change in foreign policy. Though the scenario may be best understood as representing a smaller state's unease with a revived age of strategic rivalry, a desire to broaden its range of relationships, and an atmosphere of heightened nationalism, the leadership shift is sometimes presented as a zero-sum, pro-China turn. This will be an experiment since the Maldives' security forces will need more capability to carry out independent missions including hydrography, medical evacuation, and marine surveillance. The most recent catalyst was the use of crude language by Maldivian officials against Indians in general and Prime Minister Narendra Modi in particular. President Mohamed Muizzu's new administration requested that India remove its military soldiers, and he made China the destination of one of his first foreign trips. During his visit, Maldives President Muizzu also exhorts China to retake the top rank in tourist arrivals, which India has been holding for the past few years.

Published by: Yuvraj MehtaResearch Area: Economics And Business

Organisation: The Cathedral and John Connon School, MumbaiKeywords: Power Bloc, Archipelago, Sovereignty, Diplomacy, Foreign Policy, Climate Change, Bilateral Relations, Net Zero, Islamic Identity, Saarc, Regional Stability, Un, Ilo,Miga, Non-Aligned, Gross Domestic Product, Geopolitical, Human Rights, Infrastructure, Hydrographic, Consular Services, Multilateral, Adaptability, Shipping Lanes, Boycott, Expatriate, Radicalization, Sustainability, Public Service, Emissions, Cooperation, Security, Tourism, Economic Development, Policy, Derogatory Remarks, Favouritism, Hydrographic Survey Agreement

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Research Paper

6. Impact of Academic Stress on Daytime Sleepiness of Adolescents (10th to 12th Grade)

For school going adolescents, academic stress has become a major source for their stress levels and this inevitably impacts their health. One of the important biologically necessary aspect which is impacted is sleep. Disturbed sleep patterns are often observed in students with academic stress. Hence this paper used ESS-CHAD and PSS testing techniques to determine the relationship between daytime sleepiness and academic stress. The study hypothesises a positive correlation between the two variables. A cohort of 33 students were surveyed based on the tests mentioned above. The results indeed found a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the study concluded that academic stress must be abated in order to reduce its negative impacts on adolescents and to maintain their health.

Published by: UrviResearch Area: Psychology

Organisation: Harvard Student AgencyKeywords: Academic Stress, Sleep, Daytime Sleepiness

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Research Paper

7. AI and IoT-Driven Automatic Abdominal Retractor System: Revolutionizing Surgical Techniques

In this paper, an AI and IoT-driven automatic abdominal retractor system designed to enhance surgical precision and efficiency by maintaining consistent retraction forces and intelligently guiding surgical procedures through real-time data from a webcam-based AI tool. Traditional abdominal retractors, manually operated by surgical assistants, often lead to variability in retraction force and increased surgical risks. The proposed system automates this process, ensuring uniform and precise retraction, while also assisting the surgeon in determining the optimal incision points during surgery. The system incorporates a high-definition webcam that continuously monitors the surgical field, utilizing advanced AI-driven image processing to analyze the live video feed. The AI tool identifies key anatomical landmarks and pinpoints the exact location where the surgeon needs to operate, providing real-time feedback and guidance. This allows surgeons to make more accurate decisions, improving both efficiency and patient outcomes. The information is relayed via an IoT-based interface, enabling real-time adjustments and coordination between the retractor’s movements and the surgeon’s actions. The retractor mechanism operates along three axes—front-back, up-down, and open-close—controlled by a Node MCU IoT device, STM32 microcontroller, and motor driver circuits. The system is powered either by a battery or a standard power supply, ensuring operational flexibility in various clinical settings. Additionally, the IoT connectivity enables remote monitoring and control, allowing for adjustments in real-time as needed. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize surgical procedures by integrating automation and AI, ultimately improving the accuracy, safety, and outcomes of surgeries.

Published by: Pravin MohiteResearch Area: Electronics Engineering

Organisation: G.H. Raisoni College of Engineering and Management, Wagholi Pune, IndiaKeywords: Automatic abdominal retractor, AI-driven surgery, IoT-based surgical tools, STM32 controller, Node MCU, Motor driver circuit, Real-time retraction, Surgical automation, Webcam-based AI, Remote surgical monitoring.

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Research Paper

8. Advancements in the Development of Sustainable (Textile) Materials and their Recycling Methods

Due to inadequate recycling systems and the complex nature of textile products, each year, millions of tonnes of textile waste end up in landfills or are incinerated globally. This paper seeks to highlight the advancements in sustainability for textile materials, focusing on cotton and polyester, and analyse their respective recycling methods to identify strategies for reducing the annual production of textile waste. Environmental issues raised by textile materials are also considered, such as the non-biodegradability of polyester and the large amount of freshwater used in cotton production. This study examines innovative materials that can substitute traditional fibres, such as organic cotton and bio-based polyesters, highlighting their role in reducing the environmental impact of textile production. Additionally, the paper evaluates various recycling methods for these fibres and their effectiveness in managing textile waste. It was analysed that there has been a fivefold increase in publications of textile recycling from 2011 to 2021, reflecting rising global interest and progress. The trend towards sustainable fashion, embraced by many brands, highlights an increase in customer demand for eco- friendly choices and aims to minimise the industry’s environmental impact. Conclusively, further research must optimise technology to develop new sustainable materials while simultaneously maintaining an affordable price to encourage the purchase of these products among consumers.

Published by: Reya Sanjay Kamdar PandeResearch Area: Textile Engineering/Chemical Engineering

Organisation: Prabhavati Padamshi Soni International Junior College, MumbaiKeywords: Textile, Fibres, Cotton, Polyester, Sustainability, Recycling, Environment

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Review Paper

9. Nanomaterials in Endodontics: Applications and Scope

Advancements in nanotechnology have led to numerous potential applications in dentistry, with nanomaterials becoming increasingly significant in endodontics.1 Nanosized particles, like clusters of small numbers of atoms or molecules in nanostructured biomaterials, have shown significantly superior properties in biomedical research compared to the same materials at larger scales of measurement.2 These unique mechanical and chemical properties help nanomaterials to have various applications in endodontics such as obturating materials, sealers, antimicrobials, retro-filling materials, root repair and regeneration. The improved antimicrobial property of the nanomaterials is helpful in eradicating bacterial load in the canals which can be incorporated in the form of irrigants and medicaments. Applications in regenerative endodontics are currently underway creating improved scaffolds and growth-factor delivery.2 This review throws insights on the current knowledge and scientific applications of nanomaterials in the field of endodontics as well as its potential future scope.

Published by: Dr. Pradnya V. Bansode, Dr. Seema D. Pathak, Dr. M. B. Wavdhane, Dr. Madhura DangeResearch Area: Dental

Organisation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, GDCH, Chhatrapati SambhajinagarKeywords: Nanomaterials, Endodontics, Nanotechnology, Silver Nanoparticles, Chitosan.

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Review Paper

10. Nanotechnology in Mechanical Engineering

Nanotechnology has impacted the mechanical engineering field through the integration of new materials and technologies that improve the functionality of mechanical systems. This review focuses on the application of nanotechnology in mechanical engineering taking into consideration major developments, opportunities, limitations, and future direction. Some of these advanced technologies include nanocomposites, nano-coatings, and nanolubricants, which have enhanced the properties and performance of the materials and operations in aerospace, automobiles, and environmental conservation. However, the use of nanotechnology also has its drawbacks, such as manufacturing difficulties, health hazards, and environmental impacts, which require further investigation and legislation. Finally, the paper considers some of the trends in the future that can be associated with smart nanomaterials, nanorobotics, and the use of nano-enhanced renewable energy technologies, which can expand the potential of mechanical engineering. This paper emphasizes the significance of the interprofessional approach and the issues of ethics while the role of nanotechnology in mechanical engineering is growing.

Published by: Khushdeen Singh Khosa, Harpreet SinghResearch Area: Mechanical Engineering

Organisation: A Level Harvest International School Jassowal Kular, LudhianaKeywords: Nanotechnology, Mechanical Engineering, Nanocomposites, Nano-coatings, Nanolubricants, Environmental Impact, Smart Materials, Nanorobotics, Renewable Energy

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Case Study

11. Hypercementosis : A Challenge for Endodontic Therapy

Hypercementosis : A Challenge for Endodontic Therapy

Published by: Dr. Pradnya V. Bansode, Dr. Seema D. Pathak, Dr. M. B. Wavdhane, Dr. Nisha Girish DalalResearch Area: Dental

Organisation: Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, MaharashtraKeywords: Hypercementosis, 1st Molar, Cementum-Dentin-Canal (CDC) Junction

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Research Paper

12. The Integration of Blockchain Technology in Cybersecurity: Innovations by Software Engineers to Enhance Data Integrity and Security

This paper analyses the emerging technology of the blockchain in the security of systems and the new developments made by software engineers to strengthen the pro-security measures. This research is based on a case of Ethereum and Bitcoin block transactions between 2015 and 2024; it evaluates the performance of these innovations in addressing crucial cybersecurity issues. The analysis identifies a notable increase in blockchain transactions, with the average number of transactions rising significantly from 6,808 in 2015 to 1,265,172 in 2021. Although there was a slight decline to an average of 1,119,292 in 2022 and 1,049,591 in 2023, the overall upward trend reflects growing adoption and utilization of blockchain technology. Some of the key insights identified show that these improvements like new consensus algorithms and scalability solutions have hugely improved the ability of the blockchain networks to handle moderate to high volumes of transactions without compromising the security of the networks. Technique adopted in this study is the descriptive and inferential statistics that reveals trends and patterns in the transaction data to analyse the effects of incorporating Blockchain technology in the modification and protection of data, access to the unauthorized person and strengthening the system. The study reveals a significant potential in the use of blockchain technology for deepening cyber security in its decentralized methodology and cryptosystem. For the future work, computational solutions should be advanced and should incorporate strategies that help increase scalability and enhance the roles of all the stakeholders involved in the process. Also, future research should uncover the organizational benefits and the use patterns of blockchain technology and investigate its interactions with other advanced technologies. From this study we appreciate the importance of blockchain in enhancing the cybersecurity and the need to advance and invest more in research and partnership to harness its benefits.

Published by: Taiwo OyewoleResearch Area: Software Engineering

Organisation: Eastern Illinois University, CharlestonKeywords: Software Engineering, Cybersecurity, Blockchain, Technology, Software, Data Integrity, Security

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Research Paper

13. Decentralized Predictive Models for Making Procurement Decisions in Manufacturing Networks

This paper presents a decentralized procurement decision-making framework designed to optimize procurement strategies within distributed manufacturing networks. Traditional centralized procurement models often suffer from inefficiencies, opaque decision-making, and challenges related to multi-level risks, particularly in the context of globalized supply chains. To address these issues, this project proposes a decentralized architecture utilizing predictive modeling and machine learning techniques, supported by decentralized ledger technologies (DLT) such as blockchain. The framework integrates large language models (LLMs) to forecast supply chain risks, demand fluctuations, and pricing trends. Furthermore, smart contracts are employed to automate the procurement process, ensuring transparency, security, and compliance. The system incorporates real-time feedback mechanisms to enhance decision-making accuracy, reduce lead times, and mitigate procurement risks. Testing in collaboration with multiple manufacturing firms revealed improvements in procurement efficiency, supply chain resilience, and risk management. The paper concludes by highlighting the potential of decentralized procurement frameworks to revolutionize supply chain management across various industrial contexts.

Published by: Patience Sarfo, Jiderechukwu Becky Ogbodo, Kingsley AnyasoResearch Area: Supply Chain

Organisation: Rochester Public Utiliities, Rochester, MinnesotaKeywords: Supply Chain, Block Chain, Smart Contract

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Research Paper

14. A Systematic Review of Renewable Power Supply Systems

The present paper dwells on the development and significance of power supply systems progress, relative mainly to their renewable systems of energy sources incorporation. Old electricity distribution systems which have relied on fossil fuel sources of energy supply for many years have numerous drawbacks.Even with winding and extensive development of the 21st-century global economies, outdated forms of electricity supply and the commercial systems they incorporate have their share of disadvantages as they are insensitive to changes in power circuits: Such geometric and technological changes have stalled every so often and the locational logic of control systems and regulatory organs has often rendered uncoordinated the interconnection of grids and electric infrastructure Therefore high voltage DC transmission systems came to the rescue. This paper addressed solar, wind and hydropower systems among others as captured within the development of new technologies in energy. Even with this remarkable growth in the deployment of renewable energy resources among countries, changing these resources into their grid systems is still a challenge due to intermittency or non-alignment between demand-side response obligations and supply-side response. However, new solutions to such challenges in smart grid technologies include demand responses, storage capacity for electricity, and improved management of electricity distribution. The present paper dwells on the development and significance of power supply systems progress, relative mainly to their renewable systems of energy sources incorporation. Old electricity distribution systems which have relied on fossil fuel sources of energy supply for many years have numerous drawbacks.Even with winding and extensive development of the 21st-century global economies, outdated forms of electricity supply and the commercial systems they incorporate have their share of disadvantages as they are insensitive to changes in power circuits: Such geometric and technological changes have stalled every so often and the locational logic of control systems and regulatory organs has often rendered uncoordinated the interconnection of grids and electric infrastructure Therefore high voltage DC transmission systems came to the rescue. This paper addressed solar, wind and hydropower systems among others as captured within the development of new

Published by: Aaryan GuptaResearch Area: Renewable Energy

Organisation: Maxfort School Rohini, New DelhiKeywords: Power Supply, Renewable Energy, Power Management, Grid Management, Sustainability

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Research Paper

15. Exploration of India’s COVID-19 Policies in Addressing the Ramifications of the Pandemic and their Implications on Public Health and The Economy

The COVID-19 pandemic became a global emergency, seriously affecting healthcare systems and economic systems all over the world. This study aims to present a comprehensive review of the policies implemented by the Indian government and central bank to address their economic impact. India, being the largest populated country, encountered extreme challenges while limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This catastrophe significantly hampered the state of the economy and therefore required monetary, fiscal, educational, and technological interventions to shape economic recovery. Articles, journals, online newspapers, published documents, websites, and figures have been used to gain knowledge about the policies that were administered during the COVID-19 time. Furthermore, frameworks and models such as the AD-AS framework and the Lucas Asset Pricing System have been used to ease the process of understanding.

Published by: Vinaya DuaResearch Area: Public Health And Economics

Organisation: Lumiere Education of Sigmas, Massachusetts, United StatesKeywords: COVID-19, India, Policy Framework

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Research Paper

16. A Study on Chromosomal Aberrations and Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Lead Industry Workers

Lead is a widely used heavy metal with known toxicological effects, including severe health problems such as neurological damage, cardiovascular issues, and kidney damage. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of lead exposure in lead factory workers. Methodology: 173 lead factory workers and 179 control subjects were included in the study. Blood samples were analysed for lead levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cytogenetic damage was assessed by examining chromosomal aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results: Blood lead levels in lead factory workers significantly increased compared to controls. Chromosomal aberration analysis, which included gaps, breaks, dicentrics, and polyploidy, showed no significant differences between the two groups. Sister chromatid exchange frequencies were higher in lead factory workers (SCE/cell: 3.47) than in controls (SCE/cell: 3.17), although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study showed no cytogenetic damage in lead factory workers although there was an increase in the BLLs in the workers.

Published by: Spandhana Racharla, Shehnaz Sultana, P P ReddyResearch Area: Genetics

Organisation: Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad, TelanganaKeywords: Lead Genotoxicity, Chromosomal Aberrations, Sister Chromatid Exchanges

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Research Paper

17. Quantifying Financial Cyber Risks in Financial Institutions: Monte Carlo Simulations, Time-Series Forecasting, and Cost-Benefit Optimization

This study assesses the financial impact of cyberattacks on financial institutions by applying Monte Carlo simulations, ARIMA-based forecasting, and Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional VaR (CVaR) models to quantify direct and indirect losses, including regulatory fines, operational disruptions, and reputational damage. A cost-benefit analysis determines the optimal level of cybersecurity investment, and correlation analysis evaluates the systemic risks posed by cyberattacks across the financial ecosystem. The research finds that institutions face an average loss of $427.28 million over 10 years, with potential losses rising to $705.01 million in worst-case scenarios. VaR suggests a maximum expected loss of $268.23 million, while CVaR points to potential extreme losses of $437.36 million. Time-series forecasting projects continued growth in cyber losses, reaching $114.68 million annually by 2028. The study also reveals diminishing returns on cybersecurity investments beyond $1 billion, though positive ROI persists. Predictive models for cyber insurance estimate premiums ranging from $10.60 million to $176.52 million, helping institutions optimize risk mitigation strategies. These findings underscore the critical need for financial institutions to integrate cybersecurity into broader risk management frameworks, balancing investment with financial returns to enhance resilience against evolving threats.

Published by: Silvia Tsovwen AsakpaResearch Area: Finance

Organisation: Richard Chaifetz School of Business, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MOKeywords: Finance, Cybersecurity, Analytics, Monte Carlo

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Research Paper

18. Maritime Decarbonization

With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered. With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered.

Published by: Vinaya DyaResearch Area: Decarbonization

Organisation: Speciale Invest, Chennai, Tamil NaduKeywords: Decarbonization , Maritime , Sustainability

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Research Paper

19. Harnessing Data Analytics for Supply Chain Optimization: Insights from Industry 4.0

The emergence of Industry 4.0 has revolutionized supply chain management through advancements in data analytics. This paper explores how organizations leverage data analytics to optimize their supply chains, focusing on increased efficiency, improved decision-making, and enhanced customer satisfaction. By examining key concepts, technologies, and detailed case studies, this research highlights the transformative potential of data analytics within the context of Industry 4.0, providing actionable insights for both researchers and practitioners.

Published by: Mudenahalli Ashoka KarthikResearch Area: Data Analytics

Organisation: R V College of Engineering, BengaluruKeywords: Data Analytics, Supply Chain Optimization, Industry 4.0, Demand Forecasting, Inventory Management, Predictive Analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning, Logistics Optimization, Supplier Relationship Management, Risk Management, Big Data, Digital Twins, Case Studies

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Research Paper

20. Role of Artificial Intelligence in Business

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the development of artificial intelligence (AI) is causing shifts in today’s business processes. Today's business environment is characterized by remarkable technological changes which have brought to the fore a new dimension of artificial intelligence (AI) as a crucial factor of innovation and competition in every industry (Haan, 2023). This paper also reviews the level of advancement of current AI technology the extent to which this technology is being utilized and its consequences in businesses around the world (McGinnis, 2020).

Published by: Shaurya SuyalResearch Area: Artificial Intelligence

Organisation: C. R. Oasis Convent Sr. Sec. School, New DelhiKeywords: Artificial Intelligence In Business, Challenges, Advantages, Transformation, Industry

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Case Study

21. Case Study- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with worsened clinical symptoms and prognosis. The prevalence of PH-COPD is not concretely established as classification criteria vary historically, but the presence of severe disease out of proportion to underlying COPD is relatively rare. Right heart catheterization, the gold standard in diagnosis of PH, is infrequently performed in COPD, and the overlap in the clinical symptoms of PH and COPD presents diagnostic challenges. Proven treatments are limited. Trials exploring the use of vasodilator therapy in this patient group generally demonstrate improvements in hemodynamic accompanied by worsening gas exchange without clearly demonstrated improvements in clinically meaningful outcomes. In-depth workup of underlying pulmonary hypertension and use of pulmonary vasodilator medications may be appropriate on an individual basis. We present a case study and a review and discussion of the pertinent literature on this topic. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very common condition especially found among those of the older generation who have a history of smoking, a widely accepted practice where harmful effects were not known in the 1940’s, 1950’s, and even the early 1960’s (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). The long term effects of smoking were eventually understood in the scientific community as people would present with cases of diminished lung function. The risks were published and shared with the public as the medical community better understood the phenomenon (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). After the effects of smoking on lung function became better understood, treatments were devised and experimented to help improve respiratory status. Reactive airway disease and its treatment also played a role in the development of treatment for those who had the condition labeled as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Some of the treatments that were developed were in the classes of medications labeled as beta 2 agonists, anticholinergics, also known as muscarinic receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Each agent demonstrates a specific modality to help improve air exchange in individuals whose lung function has been compromised by bronchoconstriction, the lack of functional alveoli, airway inflammation, and excessive sputum production. Here presents a case of a 70 year old female who has a

Published by: Dr Rajesh Soni, Dr.Pulkit Goyal, Dr.Arun Mathur, Dr.Ganpat SinghResearch Area: Medical

Organisation: Goyal Hospital and Research Centre Pvt Ltd, JodhpurKeywords: COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension ,

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Research Paper

22. Perinatal Outcomes of 100 Consecutive Cesarean Sections at a Nursing Home in Urban India

Background: Cesarean section has become an important obstetric intervention both in institutions and nursing home setup. Outcomes of cesarean sections nursing homes are not well documented in literature. Objectives: To analyse data of 100 consecutive cesarean sections done at a nursing home in urban India. Method: This was a retrospective study carried out at Mothercare Nursing Home in the city of Mumbai over a period of six years. Medical records of patients who underwent a cesarean section at our nursing home between 2015 to 2021 were recorded. Demographic data including patient’s age, mean parity, previous medical and surgical history, USG findings, cesarean section and newborn records were documented. Caesarian sections done were classified as per Robson criteria. Data was analysed using Microsoft excel. Results: A total of 100 consecutive patients (mean age=30.9±4.2 yrs, mean parity=0.6±0.7 yrs, mean BMI= 23.4±1.4 kg/m2) who satisfied our inclusion criteria were included in this study and underwent a cesarean section. In total 78 patients underwent an elective cesarean delivery and 22 had an emergency cesarean section. Primary and secondary cesarean section was done in 66 and 34 women respectively. There were 104 conceptions (n=4 twin gestation) resulting in 43 male and 61 female births. Number of women who were normal weight (BMI 18-25 kg/m2) were 72 and total number of overweight and obese women were 28 (BMI over 25 kg/m2). Majority of patients were categorised into modified Robson class 2 and 5. A majority of women were in the 25-35 year age group (n=83). Most deliveries occurred at term (n=98, mean birth weight 2.87±0.47 kg). Two preterm newborns required NICU care. There was no maternal mortality in our cohort. Conclusions: Cesarean delivery is a safe and feasible procedure in a nursing home. Good backup systems and protocols are a must to conduct this surgery in a safe and effective manner. Most patients were modified Robson criteria 2 and 5.

Published by: Arrman Sanganeria, Gaurav DesaiResearch Area: Biology

Organisation: Independant ResearcherKeywords: Cesarean Section, Perinatal Morbidity, Robson Criteria

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Research Paper

23. The Economic Impact of Millet Consumption: Exploring Consumer Trends and Market Potential

ABSTRACT The article makes a persuasive case for re-examining millet production's role in India's economy. Historically significant and environmentally resilient, millet presents a promising option for sustainable agriculture in water-scarce regions. Its low input requirements highlight its potential as an economically viable crop. However, despite these benefits, millet has become neglected in the 21st century. Investigating the causes of this decline and exploring ways to revive millet production is essential. The article provides an economic analysis, using secondary data, to elucidate the economic dynamics of millet production. This analysis reveals the challenges and opportunities in reintegrating millet into India's agricultural sector. By understanding millet's economic potential and addressing cultivation and consumption barriers, policymakers can leverage this ancient grain to promote sustainable farming practices and spur economic growth.

Published by: Adhira Shekar, Vishal UpadhayaResearch Area: Economics

Organisation: The Shri Ram School Aravali, GurgaonKeywords: Cost, Consumption, Millet, Economic Development, Green Revolution, Sustainability

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Research Paper

24. Generation of People’s Comfort Journey

As urbanization and population growth increase, train systems face overcrowding challenges. This paper examines the potential of reducing overcrowding by increasing the number of train coaches. Through case studies from various metropolitan rail networks, the study analyzes the operational, financial, and infrastructural impacts of coach expansions. Key factors like platform length, scheduling, and safety are assessed. The findings indicate that while adding coaches can help alleviate overcrowding, success relies on integrated station upgrades, operational changes, and capacity planning. Practical recommendations are offered for transportation authorities to enhance train services and manage congestion in busy urban areas.

Published by: Lenin Ilavendhan CResearch Area: Indian Railways

Organisation: BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, ChennaiKeywords: Icf Coaches, Lhb Coaches, Indian Railways, Chennai-Coimbatore Route, Overcrowding, Train Capacity, Safety Features, Platform Length, Train Scheduling, Operational Efficiency, Passenger Comfort, Coach Design, Anti-Collision Technology, Higher Speed, Maintenance Requirements, Passenger Demand, Urbanization, Ridership Trends, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Infrastructure Challenges, Rail Network, Train Services.

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25. Cross Sectional Study to Assess Knowledge, Practice and Attitude on High Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Health Care Professional.

ABSTRACT: Background: Cardiac arrest is leading cause of death in India and globally. cardiac arrest death is no one in non-communicable death in India. According to American heart Association general Worldwide, there are >135 million cardiovascular deaths each year. In India, it is estimated that about 5-6 lakh people die every year due to sudden cardiac arrest, and a good proportion of them are under the age of 50. Prompt response by health care professional and provide High quality CPR combination of Chest Compression at the rate of 100-120 compression/min, with depth of compression 5-6 cm without any interruption, complete chest recoil and give 2 rescue breathing within 10 seconds after opening airway by head tilt and chin lift for medical victim and jaw thrust for trauma victim, which is delivered continued cycle during cardiac arrest by one or 2 rescuer in out hospital and through megapode team in hospital Continue CAB 5 cycle of High-quality CPR within 2 minutes. Methods: Its Cross-Sectional study of duration of 2 month from November 2023 to December 2023.continued among health care professional working at Goyal Hospital and Research centre pvt ltd. Knowledge assessed through 20 multiple questions and practiced assessed by skill check list contain 10 points of High-Quality CPR and attitude observed and assessed by verbal question while skill case scenario. Result: The median for knowledge score nursing staff was 14.5 (70.25%) and Practice score median was 7 (70%). knowledge score between critical and nun critical area was not found statistically significant. Distribution of subjects based on scores in knowledge and of High Quality BLS 5.55% (5) of Nursing staff poor knowledge score and 30% (27) of nursing staff had average knowledge score. 55.55% (50) having good knowledge score .and remaining 8.88 (8) are excellent in knowledge Conclusion: The present study identified the Knowledge and practice score of BLS or CPR is Average in nursing staffs, even though they have positive and good attitude towards it. BLS training should be the part of the curriculum and CNE to solve this issue.

Published by: Dr.Pulkit Goyal, Dr.Arun Mathur, Dr.Kaushal Kumar Harlalka, Dr.Ganpat Singh, Gaje SinghResearch Area: Medical

Organisation: Goyal Hospital and Research Centre Pvt Ltd, JodhpurKeywords: High Quality CPR, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , BLS, Cardiac arrest

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26. Expanding the Dimes Model – Methodology and Applications in Acquisition-Based Cash Flow Forecasting

The DIMES (Dynamic Integrated Model for Estimating Synergies) model is a novel framework designed to predict the future cash flows of companies based primarily on acquisition activity. Unlike traditional models that focus primarily on previous growth, DIMES emphasizes the impact of synergies created through acquisitions. This paper explores the core methodology of DIMES, its application in various industries, and highlights how the model dynamically incorporates acquisition data to estimate future performance. The inclusion of factors like depreciation on cash flow due to inflation is treated as an error, which the model can refine as more accurate data is incorporated. This paper provides a detailed explanation of the methodology and showcases the practical utility of DIMES for financial forecasting.

Published by: Fenil Vijay ChamariyaResearch Area: Economics, Technology

Organisation: Prabhavati Padamshi Soni International Junior College, MumbaiKeywords: Synergies, Cash Flows, Acquisition, Depreciation

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27. Patent Trolls: Impact on Innovation and Legal Solutions

The proliferation of patent trolls, formally known as Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs), has become a notable impediment to innovation, especially in sectors such as technology, software development, and biotechnology. Patent trolls exploit the patent system by acquiring patents not to further technological advancement or product development, but to generate revenue through aggressive litigation and settlement tactics. This paper explores the multifaceted impact of patent trolls on innovation, analysing their economic repercussions on businesses, startups, and the broader technology ecosystem. It delves into the legal mechanisms and strategies employed worldwide to counteract the activities of patent trolls, including legislative reforms, judicial decisions, and administrative measures. The study concludes by proposing a series of targeted reforms aimed at creating a more balanced and effective patent system. These reforms are designed to safeguard genuine innovation and technological progress while discouraging and mitigating the detrimental effects of exploitation and abusive patent litigation practices. By examining case studies, legal precedents, and policy initiatives, this paper seeks to offer a comprehensive analysis and practical recommendations for addressing the challenges posed by patent trolls in the contemporary patent landscape.

Published by: Sunidhi Pandey, Maulik Pratap SinghResearch Area: Patent Laws

Organisation: Galgotias University, NoidaKeywords: Patent Trolls, Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs), Innovation Impediments, Patent Exploitation, Aggressive Litigation Patent System Reforms, Intellectual Property Rights, Technology Ecosystem

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28. Shift of Indian Passenger Vehicles’ Demand to SUV's

The ever-growing market for passenger vehicles in India is currently going through a phase of increased demand for Sports Utility Vehicles (SUVs). The aim of this research is to analyse the data from previous researches and their conclusions and verify it and drawing our own conclusions through a survey of Indians who have the disposable income available to them for the purchase of passenger cars. The main reasons for this shift were found to be the greater reliability and ground clearance, the higher perceived safety of SUVs in comparison to other vehicles such as sedans and hatchbacks and the growth of hybrids and electric vehicles contributing to the growth of SUVs. For greater ease of understanding, the factors affecting this shift have been further classified into ‘Industry Trends’ and ‘Consumer Understanding’ heads.

Published by: Yashviraaj MahajanResearch Area: Micro-Economics

Organisation: Independent ResearcherKeywords: SUV's, Passenger Vehicles, Automobiles, Growth Of SUV's, Demand of SUV's, Shift To SUV's, Indian Automobile Market

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29. Self-Corrective Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Though they are quite good at producing text, large language models (LLMs) frequently make mistakes or give incorrect information. This occurs as a result of LLMs heavy reliance on training material, which may eventually become outmoded or lacking. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was developed as a solution to this problem. In RAG, pertinent data is retrieved and integrated from outside sources by the model. RAG does have several drawbacks, though, like the ability to retrieve superfluous or irrelevant data, which might confuse the model and produce inaccurate or ineffective results. Self-Corrective Retrieval-Augmented Generation (SCRAG), a novel method, attempts to address these issues by merging the internal knowledge of the model with the world data systemThough they are quite good at producing text, large language models (LLMs) frequently make mistakes or give incorrect information. This occurs as a result of LLMs heavy reliance on training material, which may eventually become outmoded or lacking. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was developed as a solution to this problem. In RAG, pertinent data is retrieved and integrated from outside sources by the model. RAG does have several drawbacks, though, like the ability to retrieve superfluous or irrelevant data, which might confuse the model and produce inaccurate or ineffective results. Self-Corrective Retrieval-Augmented Generation (SCRAG), a novel method, attempts to address these issues by merging the internal knowledge of the model with the world data systems. In SCRAG, the model uses a technique called reflection tokens to assess the value of the information it retrieves in addition to retrieving it. This enables the model to modify its behavior according on the task and the caliber of the data it has acquired. In order to address this, SCRAG includes a simple method for evaluating the accuracy of the data that is retrieved. The model conducts a more thorough search—it even retrieves information from the internet to identify more reliable sources if the data is erroneous or insufficient. SCRAG also employs a decompose-then-recompose procedure that aids in the model's ability to dissect the recovered data, concentrate on the most pertinent portions, and eliminate unimportant information. This guarantees that the model produces accurate and trustworthy replies by using only high quality data.

Published by: Priya Jadam, Syeeda MujeebunnisaResearch Area: Data Science

Organisation: CMR University, Bengaluru, KarnatakaKeywords: Self - Corrective RAG, Retrieval Augmented Generation, LLMs Based Rag, Knowledge Based RAG

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30. Where Luxury Meets Art and Art Meets Profit: Artist Collaborations in High-End Branding

Artist collaborations have become a pivotal strategy in luxury brand marketing, blending creativity and exclusivity to captivate high-end consumers. These partnerships, whether through fashion, beauty, or technology, allow brands to rejuvenate their image, appeal to new audiences, and enhance their cultural relevance. By leveraging the artistic vision of designers like Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Masaba Gupta, and Manish Malhotra, luxury brands craft unique collections that resonate with consumers' desire for originality and status. However, these collaborations also raise important questions about brand dilution, balancing accessibility with exclusivity, and ethical concerns around cultural representation. This paper examines how artist collaborations enhance brand value while navigating the complexities of maintaining a luxury identity

Published by: Tara Wadhwani, Ria JethiResearch Area: Art And Marketing

Organisation: Cathedral and John Connon School, MumbaiKeywords: Art, Marketing, Culture, Luxury

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