Operations Research has seen a major breakthrough in the airline industry through airplane sequencing/scheduling problems (ASP). With continual developments, the airline industry has optimized air traffic management and minimized time delays in the arrival and departure of aircraft. There have been contributions from all fields of knowledge to come up with exact solutions and implied algorithms. The objective of this paper is to highlight the analytical discourse of the airline sequencing problem (ASP), outlining graphical formulations, mathematical models, theoretical perspectives, and novel approaches that define the problem and provide alternate contextual solutions. The systematic review focuses on the progress of these approaches to allow a layperson to get a detailed overview of the sequencing/scheduling problem and its implication in the airline industry.