This work is suitable for the IC engine design and analysis industry in understanding the various performance characteristics of the flat and dome head piston. The design of the piston and chamber has a vital role in the optimized performance of an engine. There are lots of studies undergone about the new piston geometries and designs to achieve the optimized results. Studies about the piston and combustion process include both the structural and thermal analysis because both pressure and temperature are the two important properties which affect the performance of the piston and chamber. This work designs a new model of flat and dome piston for an assumed optimized output of the existing engine and chamber. This work will be helpful for the new inventions in engine development. In this work piston and chamber are modelled in CATIA v5 software and these models are imported into ANSYS software and analysis is employed. Structural and thermal analysis of the piston and air flow analysis of the chamber is employed for both flat and domed piston.