This research paper investigates the effects of different parenting styles on developing early childhood understanding in the cognitive, emotional, and social domains. As regards the parenting styles themselves, they include authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful. These will greatly determine a child's academic ability to form relationships with others or how the child feels. Based on Diana Baumrind's development model, this study aims to determine the benefits and disadvantages of each parenting style by longitudinal data and psychological theory. Authoritative parenting, which characterizes parental discipline alongside their affectionate nature toward children, will produce excellent developmental outcomes. The authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful ones will also bring about some limitations in the end, such as diminished self-esteem, impulsivity, or social deficiencies. In this regard, the understanding thus provided would translate into practice contexts applicable to parents, educators, and policymakers toward better practices in raising children or supporting family resilience across diverse economic contexts.