Reciprocating compressors are positive displacement machines in which the compressing and displacing element is a piston having a reciprocating motion within a cylinder. The reciprocating compressor plays an important role in various fields such Applications include oil refineries, gas pipelines, chemical plants, natural gas processing plants and refrigeration plants. One specialty application is the blowing of plastic bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is widely used in these fields. Good performance is very crucial for the use in these fields because it is related to the energy-saving benefit. A remarkable part of entire power loss in a reciprocating air compressor is due to the undesirable friction between rubbing surfaces of mechanical components. The development of low friction compressor is necessary for the limitations of fossil fuels. The colloidal effect, rolling effect, protective film, and the third body may be the main mechanisms of friction-reduction and antiwear of nanoparticles in lubricant. So in the present dissertation work the two nanoparticles i.e. CuO and TiO2 are used as lubricating oil additives and its effect on the performance and characteristics of compressor were studied.