COVID-19 has emerged as one of the most challenging pandemics that has increased at an alarming rate over the past decade. The critical need for the designing of vaccines with high-efficiency rates has been emphasized to prevent viral infection. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on high sensitivity and selectivity diagnostics kits, and effective antiviral and protective therapeutics to eliminate and combat the viral load and also to counter the side effects derived from tissue damages. In this regard, the use of nanotechnology has shown new opportunities for developing novel strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 and other viral infections. Thus non-toxic antiviral nanoparticles (NPs) have been promising in providing nano vaccines against infections from viruses. In this review, the potential use of nanotechnology for COVID-19 virus management by the development of nanoparticles as a drug and the advanced strategies to detect viruses using nanoparticles are widely discussed.