Review on Cognitive Spectrum Sensing By Met Heuristics
cognitive radio is widely expected to be the next Big Bang in wireless communications. Spectrum sensing, that is, detecting the presence of the primary users in a licensed spectrum, is a fundamental problem for cognitive radio. As a result, spectrum sensing has reborn as a very active research area in recent years despite its long history. In this paper, spectrum sensing techniques from the optimal likelihood ratio test to energy detection matched filtering detection, cycle stationary detection, eigenvalue-based sensing, joint space-time sensing, and robust sensing methods are reviewed. Cooperative spectrum sensing with multiple receivers is also discussed. Special attention is paid to sensing methods that need little prior information on the source signal and the propagation channel. Practical challenges such as noise power uncertainty are discussed and possible solutions are provided. Theoretical analysis of the test statistic distribution and threshold setting is also investigated. Spectrum sensing problem has gained new aspects with cognitive radio and opportunistic spectrum access concepts. It is one of the most challenging issues in cognitive radio systems. In this paper, a survey of spectrum sensing methodologies for cognitive radio is presented. Various aspects of the spectrum sensing problem are studied from a cognitive radio perspective and multi-dimensional spectrum sensing concept is introduced. Challenges associated with spectrum sensing.
Published by: Rahul Kumar, Kanchan Bala Jaswal
Author: Rahul Kumar
Paper ID: V3I3-1274
Paper Status: published
Published: May 17, 2017
A Novel Method for Solar Energy Harvesting Method Based On Optimization
Renewable power production can help countries to meet their sustainable development goals through provision of access to clean, reliable, secure, and affordable energy. A number of wind, hydropower and solar photovoltaic capacity power projects were installed worldwide every year in a renewable energy market having capacity more than a hundred billion USD annually. In recent years, an impressive reduction is being seen in renewable energy Portability improvement of technological devices has not been followed by energy accessibility of its batteries. Taking into account the low power consumption parameter of a variety of portable devices, the concept of energy harvesting from environmental sources and human body has gained a new significance. In the search of methods and materials that go with this need, are the energy generated methods from the piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity and electromagnetism. This research gives the ways and future trend of energy harvesting methods, as well as its mechanisms in portable medical devices with low power consumption. In this research, we will focus on energy harvesting. Total illumination is calculated against the total time of harvesting. The experiment has been carried out in an environment which contains some consuming units with total number of rooms. The width and height of the room are considered to be identical i.e. 100×100 having harvesting time of 10 hr. There are three environment in which experiment has been done these are • Sunny • Cloudy • Dark and other type. Total illumination is calculated with and without optimization. ABC (Artificial Bee colony) algorithm is used for the optimization and the results obtained are compared with the without optimization results.
Published by: Sunita Rani, Shavet Sharma
Author: Sunita Rani
Paper ID: V3I3-1293
Paper Status: published
Published: May 17, 2017
A Virtual Cloud Computing Provider for Mobile Devices
Mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets have become an essential part of our lives, because of their powerful capabilities Along with the explosive growth of the mobile applications and up-raising cloud computing concept, mobile cloud computing appears to be a new potential technology for mobile services. Mobile cloud computing maps cloud computing ideas and overcomes obstacles that deal with performance such as battery life, CPU, storage, bandwidth, environment that means heterogeneity, scalability, availability and security discussed in mobile computing. To solve these problems by accessing cloud computing platforms. To access these platforms is not always guaranteed to be available and is too expensive to access them.To overcome this issue by creating a virtual cloud computing platform using mobile phones.
Published by: Dhanya .K, Prof. Preethi .S
Author: Dhanya .K
Paper ID: V3I3-1267
Paper Status: published
Published: May 17, 2017
Digitization: A Paradigm Shift of Agriculture
The Indian Agricultural sector provides employment to about 65% of the labour force, accounts for 27% of GDP, contributes 21% of total exports, and raw materials to several industries. Researchers show that 68% of the entire population of India is covered by the rural area and 58% of people depend on agriculture as their main source of livelihood. The fast Growing Population demands 50% of an increase in the production of the food to feed all. At the same time, the traditional inefficient practices, water scarcity for irrigation, less productive lands, double cropping, lack of crop rotation, lack of time for soil recreation are putting pressure on fertility and yields followed by the exploitation of the middlemen preventing the farmers from getting the best price for their products. Under such circumstances, the concept of Digitization of Agricultural Sector becomes more vital. There is a necessity of empowering the rural community by creating digital Infrastructure, providing various digital services, and Promoting digital literacy. Digitization in Agriculture can be defined as ICT and data ecosystems to support the development and delivery of timely, targeted information and services to make farming profitable and sustainable. The distinct vision of our Prime Minister assures regarding several initiatives taken to provide “Protective shield” to the farmers to increase production, Improve storage and connectivity with the consumers for better supply and profit. This paper intends to explore the initiatives taken by Government for providing Digital Infrastructure such as Automation, agricultural robots, smart sensors and decision support systems to the farmers and also to study about how it would result in improving the income of the farmers. It mainly focuses on the three areas that encompass Digital Agriculture i.e- Data Intelligence, Smart Analysis, and Communication.
Published by: Prof. Sonali Ganguly, Sujeet Prakash Patra
Author: Prof. Sonali Ganguly
Paper ID: V3I3-1136
Paper Status: published
Published: May 16, 2017
The Experimental Investigation and Analysis of Spot Welding Process Parameters for Maximum Tensile Strength
This experimental study is based on an investigation of the effect of welding parameters on tensile shear strength in the resistance spot welding (RSW) process and optimization of welding parameters. The experiment conducted under varying parameters like forces, currents and weld times without disturbing water flow and room temperature. The setting of welding parameters was determined by using Taguchi experimental design of L9 orthogonal array method. The combination of the optimum welding parameters have determined by using analysis of Signal- to- Noise (S/N) rario. The experimental result clearly shows that it is possible to increase tensile shear strength of a joint by the combination of suitable welding parameters. Hence the experimental result proved the validity of the used taguchi method for enhancing the welding strength performance and optimizing the most suitable welding parameters in resistance spot welding operations.
Published by: Saiyed Faiyaz, Mrs. J. G. Borke
Author: Saiyed Faiyaz
Paper ID: V3I3-1333
Paper Status: published
Published: May 16, 2017
Language Proficiency of English among +2 students in relation to their Locality and Stream of Study
The study compares the Language Proficiency of English among +2 Students of Shimla district in relation to their Locality and Stream of Study. A Sample of 600 students was selected randomly from the Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. For comparing the data 2X2X2 ANOVA statistics technique was used. The result revealed that significant differences existed among rural and urban science and arts stream of English and Hindi medium students
Published by: Nidhi Mahindroo
Author: Nidhi Mahindroo
Paper ID: V3I3-1332
Paper Status: published
Published: May 16, 2017
