An Approach for Reduction in Power Consumption in Low Voltage Dropout Regulator
A low-dropout or LDO regulator is a DC linear voltage regulator which can control the output voltage even when the supply voltage is very close to the output voltage. The advantages of a low dropout voltage regulator include the absence of switching noise ( as no switching takes place), smaller device size ( as neither large inductors nor transformers are needed), and greater design simplicity (usually consists of a reference, an amplifier and a pass element). A significant adiabatic logic with 180 nm CMOS technology is proposed to reduce impact of power supply reductions well as a simple symmetric operational transconductance amplifier is used as the error amplifier (EA), with a current splitting method adopted to increase the gain and also improves the bandwidth of the LDO regulator.
Published by: Shivani. S. Tantarpale, Ms. Archana O. Vyas
Author: Shivani. S. Tantarpale
Paper ID: V2I6-1251
Paper Status: published
Published: December 21, 2016
Optimization of Cycle Time through Mastercam Virtual Simulation and Four Axis CNC Milling Machining Of Camshaft
In olden days, the complexity of fabricating the mechanical components is higher and time consuming. Manufacturing industries normally use conventional methods like casting and forging process to shape components and use CNC machines to achieve final dimensions within the required tolerance. The difficulty in making components can be minimized by introducing the techniques for reduced setup time reduced machining time for increase in productivity and increase in accuracy and surface finish as a result of using 5- axis CNC VMC milling machining setup. But prior to start machining, a virtual simulation of the entire operations is to be carried out to check, verify and rectify the occurrence of collision, and the application of suitable parameters to achieve reduced cycle time. And this virtual simulation can be carried out through Mastercam software. This paper is focused on 4-axis finishing process of camshaft using 5-axis CNC VMC milling machine. This work involves geometric modeling of camshaft using Solid Works software. The model is then imported to Mastercam software for applying different methods and parameters to simulate the tool. Then the suitable parameters having collision free and reduced cycle time is taken into account. Then, the NC program is generated using the required post processor and program is entered to the 5- axis CNC milling machine to perform both roughing process and finishing process. Material used is Aluminum Alloy 6061. As per the experimental results, it has been observed that constant overlap spiral tool path for top part machining is selected and high speed tool path is selected for bottom part 3- axis rough machining and rotary 4 axis tool path for final finishing ensuring collision free and reduced cycle time. The cycle time resulted by Mastercam software is less than the cycle time resulted by the 5 axis CNC VMC milling machine. Then, the total machining time of camshaft as per the profile were found to be 5.83 hours and 52 seconds.
Published by: Prasanth Navaneetham, V. G. Umasekar, Bibin Baby
Author: Prasanth Navaneetham
Paper ID: V2I6-1250
Paper Status: published
Published: December 21, 2016
Risk Analysis in Construction Scheduling
Large and complex construction projects always face an uncertainty that leads to risks of delaying the project. Construction projects are of different sizes and of different nature and risk associated with them also vary. Schedules are very essential to the successful execution of projects. Without a schedule, it is difficult to coordinate the various activities found in a construction project. Most schedules are developed in a deterministic manner using Critical Path Method. Unfortunately, construction schedules are affected by various uncertainties. As a result, schedule delays are common in various construction projects. Therefore, it is important to find out probabilities of schedule delays. To evaluate the probability of construction time-overruns and Forecasting of appx. Accurate project completion date is a challenge to construction schedulers. Management of risks and uncertainties in construction projects is possible if risks have been identified and the potential impacts have been analyzed. The Critical Path Method (CPM), which is used to schedule construction activities, is deterministic with regard to the duration assigned to the execution of the activities and the results produced in certain values. Unfortunately, construction activities are performed under uncertain conditions. Project risks cause variations in activity duration, and in turn the entire network is affected by uncertainty. To evaluate construction networks by considering risk factors, nondeterministic scheduling methods such as the program evaluation and review technique (PERT), the probabilistic network evaluation technique (PNET), Critical Chain Scheduling (CCS), and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) have been developed. In the present work, an attempt is made to study the effect of uncertainties in the project on the total duration of the project in an Indian context. For this, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technique is used. Effect of different distributions for different activities and the number of simulations on the total project duration are determined and compared with the CPM and PERT. Finally, sensitivity analysis is carried out to show the influence of each uncertain activity on the total project duration.
Published by: Musale Kunal Rajendra, Aher M. C.
Author: Musale Kunal Rajendra
Paper ID: V2I6-1246
Paper Status: published
Published: December 20, 2016
Review of VANET Routing in Opportunistic Environment
Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is based on principles of Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET). It is a spontaneous process of data exchange from one node to another node. Vehicular networks comes with new promising field in wireless technology which is used to deploy a vehicle to vehicle communication (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication between nodes. In VANET routing main drawback is packet dropping, but it will be reduced by intelligent routing which can be optimized by met heuristics. In this thesis we proposed VANET based routing which depend on shortest path and social information, optimize by met heuristics.
Published by: Dhanveer Kaur, Harwant Singh Arri
Author: Dhanveer Kaur
Paper ID: V2I6-1242
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2016
Review of VANET Security on Trust Base
In Trust based Networks, nodes are typically being controlled by realistic entities such as people. Trust based Network is aiming at enabling communication through highly heterogeneous networks by relying on dynamic nature of message transmission whenever there is arise in communication opportunities, such communication thus does not rely on a routing infrastructure and is peer-to-peer in nature. The delay-tolerant paradigm is akin to trust based networks, thus a suitable approach to address the lack of connectivity and the mobility. In this thesis we simulate attack and are monitoring the nodes by Particle swarm optimization, thus preventing the attack and which will lead to through put increase and overhead reduce.
Published by: Diljot Kaur, Simarjit Singh Malhi
Author: Diljot Kaur
Paper ID: V2I6-1241
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2016
Characteristic Study and Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of Al2024 Gray Cast Iron Powder Reinforced MMC by Heat Treatment
It is proposed to study the mechanical properties of Al2024-gray cast iron composite with age hardening process and compared with as cast specimen. All heat treatment processes are carried out in atmospheric conditions. Al2024 is a reasonable choice as a matrix material to prepare MMCs owing to high strength (especially at elevated temperatures), toughness, and, in specific cases weld ability. Among different types of the recently formed composite materials, particle reinforced MMC and in particular aluminum as matrix material has found to have industrial applications. Gray cast iron powder reinforced aluminum 2024 composites possess a unique combination of high specific strength, high elastic modulus than the corresponding unreinforced matrix alloy system. By double stir casting method, Al2024 will be reinforced with gray cast iron powder. Heat treatment is given so as to tailor and improve the required mechanical properties as per the requirement. Gray cast iron is selected since it is believed to improve the hardness as well as the mach inability due to the presence of both iron carbide and free graphite in gray cast iron powder. Here three different proportion of gray cast iron composite are prepared by stir casting process. Age Hardening treatment is given to the samples with different percentage of gray C.I, and different properties such as microstructure, hardness and corrosion are compared with as cast Al2024- gray cast iron composite of respective composition. The possible outcomes maybe increase in mechanical properties by addition of gray cast iron.
Published by: Manikanta M, S. S. Sharma, Sathish Rao U
Author: Manikanta M
Paper ID: V2I6-1239
Paper Status: published
Published: December 19, 2016
