Perinatal Outcomes of 100 Consecutive Cesarean Sections at a Nursing Home in Urban India
Background: Cesarean section has become an important obstetric intervention both in institutions and nursing home setup. Outcomes of cesarean sections nursing homes are not well documented in literature. Objectives: To analyse data of 100 consecutive cesarean sections done at a nursing home in urban India. Method: This was a retrospective study carried out at Mothercare Nursing Home in the city of Mumbai over a period of six years. Medical records of patients who underwent a cesarean section at our nursing home between 2015 to 2021 were recorded. Demographic data including patient’s age, mean parity, previous medical and surgical history, USG findings, cesarean section and newborn records were documented. Caesarian sections done were classified as per Robson criteria. Data was analysed using Microsoft excel. Results: A total of 100 consecutive patients (mean age=30.9±4.2 yrs, mean parity=0.6±0.7 yrs, mean BMI= 23.4±1.4 kg/m2) who satisfied our inclusion criteria were included in this study and underwent a cesarean section. In total 78 patients underwent an elective cesarean delivery and 22 had an emergency cesarean section. Primary and secondary cesarean section was done in 66 and 34 women respectively. There were 104 conceptions (n=4 twin gestation) resulting in 43 male and 61 female births. Number of women who were normal weight (BMI 18-25 kg/m2) were 72 and total number of overweight and obese women were 28 (BMI over 25 kg/m2). Majority of patients were categorised into modified Robson class 2 and 5. A majority of women were in the 25-35 year age group (n=83). Most deliveries occurred at term (n=98, mean birth weight 2.87±0.47 kg). Two preterm newborns required NICU care. There was no maternal mortality in our cohort. Conclusions: Cesarean delivery is a safe and feasible procedure in a nursing home. Good backup systems and protocols are a must to conduct this surgery in a safe and effective manner. Most patients were modified Robson criteria 2 and 5.
Published by: Arrman Sanganeria, Gaurav Desai
Author: Arrman Sanganeria
Paper ID: V10I5-1188
Paper Status: published
Published: September 24, 2024
Case Study- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with worsened clinical symptoms and prognosis. The prevalence of PH-COPD is not concretely established as classification criteria vary historically, but the presence of severe disease out of proportion to underlying COPD is relatively rare. Right heart catheterization, the gold standard in diagnosis of PH, is infrequently performed in COPD, and the overlap in the clinical symptoms of PH and COPD presents diagnostic challenges. Proven treatments are limited. Trials exploring the use of vasodilator therapy in this patient group generally demonstrate improvements in hemodynamic accompanied by worsening gas exchange without clearly demonstrated improvements in clinically meaningful outcomes. In-depth workup of underlying pulmonary hypertension and use of pulmonary vasodilator medications may be appropriate on an individual basis. We present a case study and a review and discussion of the pertinent literature on this topic. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very common condition especially found among those of the older generation who have a history of smoking, a widely accepted practice where harmful effects were not known in the 1940’s, 1950’s, and even the early 1960’s (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). The long term effects of smoking were eventually understood in the scientific community as people would present with cases of diminished lung function. The risks were published and shared with the public as the medical community better understood the phenomenon (Cummings & Proctor, 2015). After the effects of smoking on lung function became better understood, treatments were devised and experimented to help improve respiratory status. Reactive airway disease and its treatment also played a role in the development of treatment for those who had the condition labeled as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Some of the treatments that were developed were in the classes of medications labeled as beta 2 agonists, anticholinergics, also known as muscarinic receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Each agent demonstrates a specific modality to help improve air exchange in individuals whose lung function has been compromised by bronchoconstriction, the lack of functional alveoli, airway inflammation, and excessive sputum production. Here presents a case of a 70 year old female who has a
Published by: Dr Rajesh Soni, Dr.Pulkit Goyal, Dr.Arun Mathur, Dr.Ganpat Singh
Author: Dr Rajesh Soni
Paper ID: V10I5-1227
Paper Status: published
Published: September 24, 2024
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Business
The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the development of artificial intelligence (AI) is causing shifts in today’s business processes. Today's business environment is characterized by remarkable technological changes which have brought to the fore a new dimension of artificial intelligence (AI) as a crucial factor of innovation and competition in every industry (Haan, 2023). This paper also reviews the level of advancement of current AI technology the extent to which this technology is being utilized and its consequences in businesses around the world (McGinnis, 2020).
Published by: Shaurya Suyal
Author: Shaurya Suyal
Paper ID: V10I5-1214
Paper Status: published
Published: September 23, 2024
Harnessing Data Analytics for Supply Chain Optimization: Insights from Industry 4.0
The emergence of Industry 4.0 has revolutionized supply chain management through advancements in data analytics. This paper explores how organizations leverage data analytics to optimize their supply chains, focusing on increased efficiency, improved decision-making, and enhanced customer satisfaction. By examining key concepts, technologies, and detailed case studies, this research highlights the transformative potential of data analytics within the context of Industry 4.0, providing actionable insights for both researchers and practitioners.
Published by: Mudenahalli Ashoka Karthik
Author: Mudenahalli Ashoka Karthik
Paper ID: V10I5-1213
Paper Status: published
Published: September 23, 2024
Maritime Decarbonization
With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered. With increasing globalization and industrialization, world trade is experiencing significant growth. The maritime industry is the backbone of global trade, but it is a significant contributor to GHG emissions. This research paper delves into the negative impacts of the maritime industry on our environment, focusing on Heavy Fuel Oils (HFO’s), which emit large quantities of CO2 ,exploring the alternatives to these fuels such as Ammonia, Hydrogen, LNG’s etc. The study includes a case study of a company dominating market share in the maritime industry (Maersk) and another company which is a startup that has adopted environmentally friendly practices to achieve sustainability. Moreover, key obstacles such as fuel maturity, costs, and technological limitations are examined and policies implemented by the international organizations and steps taken by the Indian government are also considered.
Published by: Vinaya Dya
Author: Vinaya Dya
Paper ID: V10I5-1192
Paper Status: published
Published: September 21, 2024
Quantifying Financial Cyber Risks in Financial Institutions: Monte Carlo Simulations, Time-Series Forecasting, and Cost-Benefit Optimization
This study assesses the financial impact of cyberattacks on financial institutions by applying Monte Carlo simulations, ARIMA-based forecasting, and Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional VaR (CVaR) models to quantify direct and indirect losses, including regulatory fines, operational disruptions, and reputational damage. A cost-benefit analysis determines the optimal level of cybersecurity investment, and correlation analysis evaluates the systemic risks posed by cyberattacks across the financial ecosystem. The research finds that institutions face an average loss of $427.28 million over 10 years, with potential losses rising to $705.01 million in worst-case scenarios. VaR suggests a maximum expected loss of $268.23 million, while CVaR points to potential extreme losses of $437.36 million. Time-series forecasting projects continued growth in cyber losses, reaching $114.68 million annually by 2028. The study also reveals diminishing returns on cybersecurity investments beyond $1 billion, though positive ROI persists. Predictive models for cyber insurance estimate premiums ranging from $10.60 million to $176.52 million, helping institutions optimize risk mitigation strategies. These findings underscore the critical need for financial institutions to integrate cybersecurity into broader risk management frameworks, balancing investment with financial returns to enhance resilience against evolving threats.
Published by: Silvia Tsovwen Asakpa
Author: Silvia Tsovwen Asakpa
Paper ID: V10I5-1190
Paper Status: published
Published: September 21, 2024
