A compiler is a software structure which achieves the job of compiling and executing High-Level Language codes with the hardware computer architectures present. Previously, applications were often made through assembly language programming or for a specific kernel. Compiler technology and its influence on hardware performance were isolated from the architecture and its performance. However, now the compiler significantly affects the performance of a computer. Hence, understanding compiler technology is critical to the design and efficient implementation of an instruction set. Although the compilers are designed as per the language to be executed upon, their efficient functioning very much depends on the hardware used. A perfect balance between compilers and computer architectures, which varies according to the code to be executed, is the key to fruitful designing of highly efficient and effective computer systems. It is very imperative to study the relations of computer architecture and compiler from embedded microcontrollers to large-scale multiprocessor systems. There are some aspects to which the compiler and the computer architecture must agree, such as regularity, orthogonality, and compensability. So, the construction of a good compiler rests on both compiler design and computer architecture. There is an evident mutual dependency.