The Sohagpur coalfield is a remnant of the Son valley basin of Gondwana deposition and can be subdivided into three major sub-basins from west to east: Rungta-Amlai, Kotma and Bijuri. Thick coal seams occur in the Barakar Formation (Lower Permian) and are being worked extensively. In this paper, we have studied various researchers and studies on the impact of coal mines. First, we have collected the papers which were useful to our requirement of studies. Then we collected data related to coal mines in Madhya Pradesh. We have chosen our study area as sohagpur coal fields in which Sharda block was specified for all the readings. After analyzing every assessment on coal mine we came to the point that groundwater running across mines is most affected by mining activities. Deforestation, air quality is also getting affected by mining activities. There were lots of studies based on groundwater contamination in coal mines. We have briefed in our paper about that analysis.