In recent decades, the demand for energy for economic growth has increased and available resources, especially fossil fuels, have fallen sharply. The indiscriminate and increasing use of various energy vehicles such as oil, gas, and coal has drawn the attention of countries to two important problems, namely the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. Therefore, one of the most important priorities of energy policy is to diversify energy sources and also to find a safe, cheap, and emission-free energy source. Nuclear energy is therefore important. In this regard, the main purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of nuclear energy consumption on the quality of the environment in a group of selected countries. The present research is library research in terms of purpose, a causal study in terms of research method, and in terms of research method and nature and method of approaching the inferential problem. The results of estimating the model using the fixed effects method in the group of selected countries in the period 2004-2014 show that nuclear energy consumption has a negative and significant effect on CO2 emissions as an indicator of environmental quality.